Keywords: Phytomedicine, Novel drug delivery system, Phytosome, Liposome, Bioavailability, Phytochemicals, Phosphatidylcholine, Thin layer hydration technique, Biodegradable, Supercritical anti-solvent precipitation.

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Albalawi, R.S., L.S. Binmahfouz, R.H. Hareeri, R.A. Shaik & A.M. Bagher (2023). Parthenolide phytosomes attenuated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats via activation of Sirt-1, Nrf2, OH-1, and NQO1 Axis. Molecules, 28: 2741. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062741.

Albash, R., N.M. Badawi, M.I. Hamed, M.H. Ragaie, S.S. Mohammed, R.M. Elbesh, K.M. Darwish, M.O. Lashkar, S.S. Elhady & S. Mosallam (2023). Exploring the synergistic effect of bergamot essential oil with spironolactone loaded nano-phytosomes for treatment of acne vulgaris: In vitro optimization, in silico studies, and clinical evaluation. Pharmaceuticals, 16: 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16010128.

Alhakamy, N.A., U.A. Fahmy, S.M. Badr-Eldin, O.A. Ahmed, H.Z. Asfour, H.M. Aldawsari, M.M. Algandaby, B.G. Eid, A.B. Abdel-Naim & Z.A. Awan (2020). Optimized icariin phytosomes exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing activities in ovarian cancer cells. Pharmaceutics, 12: 346. 

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Chen, X., X. Fan & F. Li (2022). Development and Evaluation of a Novel Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate Phytosome for Nasal Vaccination. Pharmaceutics, 14: 2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102000.

Chittasupho, C., K. Chaobankrang, A. Sarawungkad, W. Samee, S. Singh, K. Hemsuwimon, S. Okonogi, K. Kheawfu, K. Kiattisin & W. Chaiyana (2023). Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and attenuating intracellular reactive oxygen species activities of Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia Leaf extract phytosomes and shape memory gel formulation. Gels, 9: 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9020078.

Chivte, P.S., V.S. Pardhi, V.A. Joshi & A. Rani (2017). A review on therapeutic applications of phytosomes. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 7: 17-21. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v7i5.1513.

Das, M.K. & B. Kalita (2014). Design and evaluation of phyto-phospholipid complexes (phytosomes) of rutin for transdermal application. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 4: 051-057. 

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Hanif, H., V. Abdollahi, F. Javani Jouni, M. Nikoukar, B. Rahimi Esboei & E. Shams (2023). Quercetin nano phytosome: as a novel anti-leishmania and anti-malarial natural product. Journal of Parasitic Diseases, Pages 1-8. 

Hou, Z., Y. Li, Y. Huang, C. Zhou, J. Lin, Y. Wang, F. Cui, S. Zhou, M. Jia & S. Ye (2013). Phytosomes loaded with mitomycin C–soybean phosphatidylcholine complex developed for drug delivery. Molecular pharmaceutics, 10: 90-101. https://doi.org/10.1021/mp300489p.

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Islam, N., M. Irfan, T. Hussain, M. Mushtaq, I.U. Khan, A.M. Yousaf, M.U. Ghori & Y. Shahzad (2022). Piperine phytosomes for bioavailability enhancement of domperidone. Journal of Liposome Research, 32: 172-180. https://doi.org/10.1080/08982104.2021.1918153

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Source of Funding:

This study did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public or not-for-profit sectors.

Competing Interests Statement:

The author has declared no competing interests.

Consent for Publication:

The author declares that she consented to the publication of this study.

Ethical Approval:

Not applicable.

Author’s Contribution:

Author’s independent contribution.